This paper proposes the Hybrid Edge-Cloud Optimistic Concurrency Protocol (HECOCP), a novel approach for efficiently managing distributed transactions on sensor data across both edge and cloud environments. By maintaining ACID properties and emphasizing local validation at edge nodes-with global validation triggered only when needed-HECOCP minimizes contention, lowers latency, and reduces transaction abort rates. Unlike established methods like Two-Phase Locking (2PL), prone to lock contention, or Multi-Version Concurrency Control (MVCC), which suffers version maintenance overhead, HECOCP achieves higher throughput and superior scalability under demanding transaction loads. Extensive simulation results confirm that HECOCP surpasses 2PL and MVCC in commit rate, abort rate, latency, and throughput scalability. This performance advantage makes HECOCP particularly suited to real-time applications in large-scale sensor networks, such as smart cities, healthcare, and industrial IoT, where rapid and reliable transactional processing is critical.

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